ABSTRACT
Unequally distributed political participation continues to represent one of the unresolved democratic dilemmas. As Chalmers (2016, 2) points out, “the idea that everyone is represented in a democratic system has been widely proclaimed and celebrated, yet dramatic inequality is notable in income, education, healthcare, financial security, and many other dimensions.” Not only is political participation and representation systematically skewed in favour of better-educated, more affluent and healthier citizens (for a review, see Wass and Blais, 2017), the output of political decision-making processes also better corresponds with the interests of wealthier citizens (e.g., Butler, 2014; Enns and Wlezien, 2011; Gilens, 2012).
