ABSTRACT
13.1 SAE International’s report 1 classifies vehicles into six categories in line with their level of automation. Accordingly, where a vehicle is driven by a full control of the driver there is no automation. One step ahead of this type of conventional vehicle is where the driver and the vehicle share the control of driving in the form that “driving assistance” is provided by the vehicle and active driving is performed by the human driver. The assistance may be in terms of the driving environment or steering or accelerating or decelerating the vehicle. It is very common for vehicles to provide a warning sound in terms of the closeness of other properties surrounding in parking the vehicle. The next stage is “partial automation” where the human driver performs active driving, but more assistance is provided by the vehicle compared to level two stated before. A further level is “conditional automation” which is described as specific performance by an automated driving system of all aspects of the dynamic driving task with the expectation that the human driver will respond appropriately to a request to intervene. A more advanced automation is specific performance by an automated driving system of all aspects of the dynamic driving task. In this “high automation” form, the vehicle performs the task even if a human driver does not respond appropriately to a request to intervene. Finally, where all aspects of the dynamic driving task are performed by an automated driving system under all roadway and environmental conditions that can be managed by a human driver occurs where there is full automation.
