ABSTRACT
The extent to which Sharia should be relevant to all aspects of Muslim life is one of the most frequently debated issues in contemporary Islamic thought. In the twentieth century, this debate began to intensify among Muslims particularly after the Second World War. The ideology of Islamization that developed out of these debates had their genesis in the context of colonialism and the influence of colonial powers in the Muslim world. Many Muslims sought to move away from colonial enterprises, projects, and administration, and to formulate ideas about how Muslims should function and live. Two highly influential Islamization movements to arise out of the experience of colonialism were the Muslim Brotherhood, founded in Egypt in 1928 by Hasan al-Banna (d. 1949), and Jamaat-e-Islami of Pakistan, established in 1941 by Abul Ala Mawdudi (d. 1979).
