ABSTRACT
With the exception of frontier incidents, and the IIi affair discussed a few paragraphs below, Sino-Russian relations remained fairly quiet between 1860 and 1895. All the major powers including Russia established legations in Peking, and the Chinese eventually appointed a minister jointly to Russia, Germany and Austro-Hungary in 1874. But the part played by the Russian minister in Peking was less than that of his British counterpart for the first 35 years. The Russian legation assumed the political, and later the linguistic training, responsibilities of the eccelesiastical mission, which now tried on a much smaller scale to emulate the missionary activities of the Roman Catholics and Protestants in China.
