ABSTRACT
The technologies reviewed in this chapter are collectively referred to here as human genetic technologies. 1 The author is aware of the distinction between technologies of an obvious genetic nature, such as genetic screening and gene therapy, and those classified primarily as reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization and artificial insemination. When examining human genetic intervention, however, this distinction is of questionable value, as the potential use of reproductive techniques for genetic purposes is substantial. Amniocentesis, used in conjunction with carrier screening and genetic counseling, remains the single most important technique for genetic intervention. In vitro fertilization, artificial insemination, and sterilization are among a vareity of techniques that, although not inherently genetically oriented, are included in this discussion because they might serve as means by which human genetic intervention is achieved. The use of these primarily reproductive techniques for genetic purposes depends on the motivation behind their application: In vitro fertilization, for example, might be viewed as a means by which a couple's desire to have children is fulfilled when not otherwise possible, but the same procedure could serve eugenic ends just as sterilization has in past decades.
