ABSTRACT
The quantum dots (QDots), also known as low‐dimensionality heterostructures or artificial atoms, are solid semiconductor structures, composed mainly of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs), Arsenide de Galium‐Aluminum (GaAsAl), Cadmium Selenide (CdSe), or Galena (PbS). The QDots act as a box that confines particles, whether electrons, holes or excitons, the numbers can be controlled by applying a potential across two metal electrodes connected to the system. The confinement of the particles creates a discrete quantization of energy levels, producing changes in the electrical and optical properties of the system, permitting new possiuilities in the design of artificial atoms and molecules.
