ABSTRACT
The production of iron and steel and ferroalloy products were discussed in Chapters 4 and 5, respectively. As discussed in Chapters 4 and 5, significant amounts of liquid steel and ferroalloys produced globally are consumed in the production of value-added steel products. The two main processes involved in the production of iron and steel products include smelting and refining. Once the appropriate quality of the liquid steel has been achieved in the two process streams, the liquid steel is then cast and solidified into semi-finished products, such as billets, blooms or slabs, for subsequent rolling in the finishing mills (Vijayaram, 2012; Remus et al., 2013; Kozak and Dzierzawski, n.d.).
