ABSTRACT
The starting point for this chapter has to be a definition of what constitutes a disability. A disability is a physical or cognitive impairment that has a significant and ongoing negative impact on an individual’s ability to perform standard everyday activities that would normally be carried out frequently. Physical impairments relate to problems with mobility, manual dexterity, coordination of movement, ability to lift and carry items, and sensory impairments that affect hearing and vision. Cognitive impairments relate to problems with memory, concentration, comprehension and perception. Impairments can be congenital (present at birth) or can result from aging, injury or disease.
