ABSTRACT
Over the course of the last 15 years, various types of behavior modification, that is, modification procedures which are directed primarily at the behavioral symptoms of a psychological disorder, have been effectively used in a wide variety of applications. Grossberg (1964) reviewed the large body of literature that has rapidly accumulated in this general field. More recently, an increasing number of investigators have been devoting their attention to experimental inquiries into the efficacy of behavior modification with the most severe of the childhood disorders — the childhood psychoses, including early infantile autism. Virtually all of the methods employed in this work to date are direct derivatives of the operant-learning procedures which have been established in the comparative laboratories.
