ABSTRACT
In the past decade, more and more states have started to acquire cyber military capabilities. Regardless of whether this process is labelled a cyber arms race or seen as part of military modernization, the increased capacity to inflict destructive effects on national critical infrastructure and armed forces’ mission-essential functions is alarming from the point of preserving international peace and stability. Cyber capabilities are being used in every armed conflict, and it is believed that the side that uses them first may change the course of war for their benefit. Armed forces conduct cyberattacks outside a theatre and, on behalf of their governments, also against civilian targets. Moreover, according to Brose (2019) emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, quantum computing will change the way war is fought. Therefore, armed forces are seeking to modernize rapidly and adapt the traditional ways, means and ends of their strategies, policies and forces to the new operational domain, cyberspace.
