ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the early-nineteenth-century university and also analyses structural transformation: the first from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century and the second from the mid-twentieth to the present. It focuses on the Anglo-American world, particularly England, the United States, and Canada. Most countries have a university sector and, for want of a better term, what will be called a non-university sector. Although there are major differences in the education systems of different countries, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) have developed an International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) and it uses the three-level classification: primary, secondary, and tertiary. The University of the Early Nineteenth century can be explored by looking to England, especially the Oxford and Cambridge models that have been so influential. Christopher Jencks and David Riesman set out to write a sociological and historical analysis of American higher education.
