ABSTRACT
Epistemic contextualism is the thesis that the word “knows” and its cognates are context-sensitive. Put differently, sentences using the word “knows” and its cognates express different propositions in different conversational contexts. Roughly, Gettier cases are possible cases purporting to show that some analysis or definition of knowledge fails to state sufficient conditions for knowledge. The original Gettier cases were constructed by Edmund Gettier as counterexamples to the traditional analysis of knowledge as justified true belief (Gettier 1963). But as philosophers have tried to repair or replace that traditional analysis, subsequent Gettier cases have targeted those newer proposals (Shope 1983).
