ABSTRACT
This chapter accounts for three developmental stages of qualitative approaches to CDA in journalism studies. It starts with approaches to Critical Linguistics (CL), which began to account for the social production of language in news texts (Fowler et al. 1979; Trew 1979; Kress 1983; Fowler 1991; Bell 1991; Hodge and Kress 1993). It then covers a second development where CL frameworks informed expansive models of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) that were designed to rigorously interrogate journalistic texts, discursive practices and social contexts (van Dijk 1988a, b, 1991; Richardson 2007; Kelsey 2015c). This second stage also accounts for the transnational developments that have occurred across the field of critical discourse studies. The third section accounts for more recent developments in CDA that have expanded beyond linguistic analysis through multimodal approaches (Machin and Mayr 2012; van Leeuven and Kress 2011) to news media and, more recently, online news (Kelsey 2015a; Bednarek and Caple 2012; Caple 2013; Knox 2007, 2010). There are many bodies of literature beyond the scope of this chapter – especially in the significant and highly respected quantitative (corpus) approaches that have been developed for large-scale studies on the language of journalistic content (Baker and McEnery 2015; Baker et al. 2008; Gabrielatos and Baker 2008). But this chapter shows readers how CDA and journalism studies have developed over time through a particular direction and design that is sensitive to the social production and ideological operations of news discourse. It demonstrates what CDA needs to do in order to continually progress and account for the rapid developments of multimedia platforms and online journalism.
