ABSTRACT
In the early 21st century, the smart cities concept has gained a lot of attention, and cities are actively developing strategies toward the goal of becoming “smart.” A smart city is understood as a new concept of partnership and governance in which all tiers of government must increasingly collaborate with one another as well as with nongovernmental organizations of various kinds (private and civic) to pursue their goals (Scott 1999). In accordance with this understanding, a smart city initiative needs to create a community where all citizens can engage more easily and effectively (Paskaleva 2009). From this point of view, the coproduction model has become an important reality for public services in this framework, a framework that implies greater involvement of service users and communities in the public service chain, both in extent and in intensity of engagement (Löffler 2009).
