ABSTRACT
The very concept of global governance is a puzzle. There is no central government, but a dense web of rules and institutions stretching across an anarchic system. Without a central organizer, governance is multilayered, diverse, fragmented, and interesting. The public, private, and civil society spheres combine and collide in creative ways. As a result, diverse participants use a mixture of norms, rules, and tools of pressure or persuasion to influence one another. Yet, for several formational decades, the study of global governance focused on nation-states to the exclusion of non-state actors. Global governance thus became primarily a study of state-centric multilateralism.
