ABSTRACT
Variable structures are an inherent part of language, yet linguistic variation is typically absent in second language (L2) curricula. Due to this gap, L2 instructors may need extra support to include this information effectively in their courses. This chapter explores previous research on variable structures, highlighting how some language educators have approached the teaching of geographical, social, and stylistic variation. Moreover, we explore the teaching of descriptive norms, with the goal of increasing the inclusion of marginalized groups’ linguistic patterns in L2 classrooms. The chapter concludes with recommendations for practitioners, heads of language departments, and supervisors of teacher education programs.
