ABSTRACT

Given their low cost, complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors have had a rapid growth in recent years due to the massive use of cameras in consumer, industrial, and scientific applications such as mobile phones, machine vision, security, automotive, etc. The trend in imaging is the improvement of the image quality by increasing the spatial resolution of the sensor, by extending its dynamic range (DR), by increasing its frame rate, and by reducing the power consumption and the overall cost.