ABSTRACT
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) [1,2] is a promising emerging nanotechnology that may mitigate the problems that are anticipated for CMOS (complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor) due to the continued reduction of feature sizes. Since QCA operate according to different principles from CMOS technology, they require different design methods. Numerous nanoelectronic devices are being investigated and many experimental devices have been developed. DNA origami may serve as the interface between QCA circuits and CMOS systems on silicon substrates [3]. An architecture for data input into a molecular QCA circuit from an external CMOS circuit has been proposed [4]. The controlled formation and occupation of a new form of quantum-dot assemblies at room temperature have been demonstrated [5]. Furthermore, there is an attempt to integrate CMOS, single-electron transistors, and QCA [6].
