Radiofrequency and laser treatment of incompetent perforating veins

50.1 Introduction 577 50.2 History 577 50.3 Anatomy and physiology 577 50.4 Diagnosis and pre-operative evaluation 578 50.5 Technique 579 50.6 Indications and timing of treatment 580 50.7 Outcomes 580 50.8 Conclusions 581 References 583