ABSTRACT
The early pregnancy scan is an essential part of contemporary routine antenatal care. In patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), a normal early pregnancy scan can be highly reassuring. At the same time, abnormal sonological findings may herald a nonviable pregnancy, detect chromosomal or structural malformations which are more common among these women, or forecast higher risk of poor pregnancy outcome. The most commonly used transducers are linear array or sector transducer (3–5 MHz for abdominal examination), and the transvaginal probe (5–10 MHz). In first trimester ultrasound, transvaginal sonography (TVS) is necessary up to approximately 10 weeks, and thereafter a transabdominal probe is mostly used. However, a transvaginal probe is complementary to abdominal ultrasound in order to complete the anatomical evaluation.
