ABSTRACT
Cadmium (Cd) is a harmful agricultural pollution element that produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causes oxidative damage to plants (Bari et al. 2019) that negatively impacts plant growth and photosynthesis (Rizwan et al. 2017). For humans, Cd intake can increase the risk of kidney failure and cancer (Chaney et al. 2015, Jarup et al. 2002).
