ABSTRACT

The value of higher education has been under attack as seldom before in American history. We are told of the overeducated American, of the case against college, and of the failure of education to contribute significantly to the reduction of inequality. In this environment, republication of an exceptionally comprehensive and judicious analysis of all that has been learned and not learned about the consequences of American higher education comes at a most appropriate time. Investment in Learning more fully covers the various aspects of this subject than any yet to appear. Howard Bowen is optimistic about higher education, but his viewpoint is based on profound knowledge of both the economic and social aspects of education. Unlike some economists who insist on a strict cost-benefit analysis of expenditures on higher education in relation to outcomes, Bowen argues that the non-monetary benefits are far greater, to the point that individual and social decisions should be made primarily on those broader indicators.

Cameron Fincher, in his new opening for the book, notes that "Publication of Howard Bowen's Investment in Learning was like a break in a long summer drought. . . . It was a comprehensive rebuttal to return-on-investment studies with negativistic findings." And in the foreword to the book, Clark Kerr simply says, "Howard Bowen is better prepared to survey the overall consequences of higher education in the United States than anyone else."

part One|2 pages

The Setting

chapter 1|28 pages

Efficiency and Accountability in Higher Education

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 2|30 pages

Goals: The Intended Outcomes of Higher Education

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

part Two|2 pages

Consequences for Individuals

chapter 3|41 pages

Cognitive Learning

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 4|33 pages

Emotional and Moral Development

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 5|52 pages

Practical Competence for Citizenship and Economic Productivity

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 6|30 pages

Practical Competence for Family Life, Consumer Behavior, Leisure, and Health

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 7|17 pages

The Whole Person

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 8|25 pages

Similarities and Differences Among Institutions

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

part Three|2 pages

Consequences for Society

chapter 9|26 pages

Societal Outcomes from Education

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 10|26 pages

Societal Outcomes from Research and Public Service

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 11|34 pages

Progress Toward Human Equality

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 12|29 pages

Economic Returns on Investments in Higher Education

ByGordon K. Douglass

chapter 13|41 pages

Views of Social Critics

ByPeter Clecak

part 4|2 pages

Conclusions

chapter 14|18 pages

Is Higher Education Worth the Cost?

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher

chapter 15|12 pages

The Future of American Higher Education

ByHoward R. Bowen, Cameron Fincher