ABSTRACT

The Carbon Balance of Forest Biomes provides an informed synthesis on the current status of forests and their future potential for carbon sequestration.

This volume is timely, since convincing models which scale from local to regional carbon fluxes are needed to support these international agreements, whilst criticisms have been levelled at existing empirical approaches. One key question is to determine how well eddy-flux measurements at the stand-level represent regional-scale processes. This may be related to specific management practices (age, plantation, fertilisation) or simple bias in choosing representative sites (ease of access, roughness, proximity to physical barriers). The ecology and regeneration state of temperate, tropical and boreal forests under current climatic conditions are discussed, together with partitioning of photosynthetic and respiratory fluxes from soils and vegetation. The volume considers how to integrate contrasting methodologies, and the latest approaches for scaling from stand to the planetary boundary layer.

chapter 1|17 pages

The global imperative and policy for carbon sequestration

ByRobert T. Watson, Ian R. Noble

chapter 2|27 pages

Role of forest biomes in the global carbon balance

ByJohn Grace

chapter 3|9 pages

Carbon sequestration in European croplands

ByPete Smith, Pete Falloon

chapter 4|20 pages

Estimating forest and other terrestrial carbon fluxes at a national scale: the UK experience

ByRonnie Milna, Melvin G.R. Cannell

chapter 5|16 pages

Regional-scale estimates of forest CO2 and isotope flux based on monthly CO2 budgets of the atmospheric boundary layer

ByBrent R. Helliker, Joseph A. Berry, Alan K. Betts, Peter S. Bakwin, Kenneth J. Davis, James R. Ehleringer, Martha P. Butler, Daniel M. Ricciuto

chapter 6|16 pages

Regional measurement and modelling of carbon balances

ByA.J. (Han) Dolman, Reinder Ronda, Franco Miglietta, Philippe Ciais

chapter 7|41 pages

The potential for rising CO2 to account for the observed uptake of carbon by tropical, temperate, and Boreal forest biomes

ByPhilippe Ciais, Ivan Janssens, Anatoly Shvidenko, Christian Wirth, Yadvinder Malhi, John Grace, E.-Detlef Schulze, Martin Heimann, Oliver Phillips, A.J. (Han) Dolman

chapter 8|35 pages

Measurement of CO2 exchange between Boreal forest and the atmosphere

ByT. Andrew Black, David Gaumont-Guay, Rachhpal S. Jassal, Frank M. Kelliher, Allison Dunn, Steven C. Wofsy

chapter 9|29 pages

Carbon exchange of deciduous broadleaved forests in temperate and Mediterranean regions

ByDennis Baldocchi, Liukang Xu

chapter 10|18 pages

The carbon balance of the tropical forest biome

ByYadvinder Malhi

chapter 11|15 pages

The carbon balance of forest soils: detectability of changes in soil carbon stocks in temperate and Boreal forests

ByFrauz Conen, Argyro Zerva, Dominique Arrouays, Claude Jolivet, Paul G. Jarvis, John Grace, Maurizio Mencuccini

chapter 12|17 pages

Fractional contributions by autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration to soil-surface CO2 efflux in Boreal forests

ByPeter Högberg, Anders Nordgren, Mona N. Högberg, Mikaell Ottosson-Löfvenius, Bhupinderpal Singh, Per Olsson, Sune Linder

chapter 13|24 pages

Trace gas and CO2 contributions of northern peatlands to global warming potential

ByTuomas Laurila, Mika Aurela, Annalea Lohila, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen

chapter 14|25 pages

Contribution of trace gases nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) to the atmospheric warming balance of forest biomes

ByRainer Brumme, Louis V. Verchot, Pertti J. Martikainen, Christopher S. Potter

chapter 15|12 pages

Effects of reforestation, deforestation, and afforestation on carbon storage in soils

ByClaudia I. Czimczik, Martina Mund, Ernst-Detlef Schulze, Christian Wirth

chapter 16|19 pages

‘Carbon forestry’: managing forests to conserve carbon

ByPaul G. Jarvis, Andreas Ibrom, Sune Linder